exploring into the ruling for tajarrī (insolence) in textual proofs

one of the significant discourses of principles of jurisprudence is the study of the ruling for tajarrī according to the dictate of intellect and that the uṣūlīs have been disagreed as to whether tajarrī is unlawful or not. terminologically, tajarrī is practical opposition (insolence) to the master’s command, either obligatory or unlawful according to the perpetrator’s opinion; whereas, their presumption has been untrue and no opposition has taken place. in this research, after stating the dictate of intellect concerning the mutijarrī (insolent), the writers have sought to identify the ruling for tajarrī from the viewpoint of textual proofs and after examination of the sanads and the textual proofs on this discourse, they have found that tajarrī would undoubtedly not be textually deserving retribution. of course, according to the generally accepted view on justice, the insolent person is not just because they do not possess the faculty of staying away from sin.